Whales and power users

\Sumamry of one of my convos w chatgpt

I am probably a power user of tissue paper. I use three or four times as much as an ordinary person.

That sounds like a stupid example, but it reveals something important about business. A tissue company does not need every customer to consume four times more. It needs to be visible to everybody, transact with some of them, identify people like me and make sure it can keep supplying us. Most customers might buy one box occasionally. A few will keep buying multipacks, subscriptions and refills for years.

The majority of revenue in many businesses will come from a surprisingly small number of people. Mobile games have whales who buy loot boxes repeatedly. SaaS companies have enterprise customers who purchase more seats, usage and support. A creator may have 100,000 people watch a video, 100 people buy something and five or six people generate most of the eventual revenue.

The exact percentages change. The shape remains the same:

Large visible market → smaller group of buyers → tiny group of power users → concentrated revenue

This means a business needs two different machines. The first is a visibility machine that reaches as much of the available TAM as possible. The second is a monetization machine that discovers how deep each person’s demand goes and continues serving them across their lifecycle.

Count Purchase Occasions, Not People

It is easy to understand power users when the product is tissue paper, software or food. The product gets consumed, so some people naturally need more. It becomes less obvious with durable products.

How can somebody be a power user of curtains? A normal person has one house and may buy curtains only a few times. But a wealthy property owner may keep buying houses. A hotel manager controls hundreds or thousands of windows. An interior designer will encounter tens of thousands of windows across a career.

The relevant unit is therefore not the number of people who might want a curtain. It is the number of actionable purchase occasions controlled by each person.

A person may see thousands of windows while walking around a city, but those windows do not matter because they do not control the purchasing decision. A hotel manager does. An interior designer influences it. A property investor pays for it.

The same logic applies to games. A gamer who visits the store page one thousand times will repeatedly encounter skins, expansions, characters, upgrades and battle passes. Every visit is another opportunity to transact. A normal player may encounter the same offers and ignore them. A power user repeatedly moves through the purchasing boundary.

You can express the idea simply:

Power-user potential = encounter frequency × decision authority × spend per occasion

And:

LTV ceiling = actionable purchase occasions × average spend × your share of those occasions

Whenever you evaluate a product, ask: Who will keep encountering a fresh version of this problem while possessing the need, authority and money to purchase the solution?

The ordinary user sees the situation occasionally. The whale lives inside a recurring stream of it.

A Business Is Often Just a Power User

People frequently say that software companies should sell to businesses instead of consumers. The deeper invariant is not B2B versus B2C. It is ordinary demand versus concentrated demand.

A business often behaves like a power user because it compresses the activity of many people into one buying entity. It has more seats, more workflows, more transactions and more consequences if the product fails. A person may use a design tool twice a month. An agency may produce hundreds of assets with it. The agency is valuable because far more activity passes through it.

This is why SaaS pricing naturally climbs from free user to individual pro, team, business and enterprise. The free population creates distribution and familiarity. Individual purchases reveal willingness to pay. Growing usage reveals dependence. Enterprise sales then identifies the accounts through which unusually large amounts of activity are flowing.

A wealthy hobbyist can still be a consumer whale. A small company with a mission-critical problem can be a whale. The legal category of the customer matters less than the amount of activity, money, responsibility, risk and ambition moving through the relationship.

The First Purchase Is an Identification Mechanism

Imagine that 100,000 people watch a video. One hundred buy a ₹1,000 product. Ninety-four of those people never buy anything else, producing ₹94,000. The remaining six eventually spend ₹1,50,000 each, producing ₹9,00,000.

Those six customers generate more than 90 percent of the revenue. But the original 100,000 viewers created the environment in which those six could be discovered.

Every stage reveals more information:

Watching reveals attention.

Buying reveals willingness.

Repurchasing reveals continuing demand.

Requesting customization reveals problem intensity.

Buying in bulk reveals power-user potential.

The ₹1,000 product is therefore more than a product. It is a paid identification mechanism. It filters a small group of serious people out of a huge visible market. The next offers determine which of those people have much deeper needs.

This is similar to engagement on a Reel. Saves are rarer than likes, and likes are rarer than views. If a video has a meaningful number of saves, there must usually be a much larger base of lighter activity beneath them. Likewise, a business that consistently produces whales must have enough visibility, trust, ordinary users and transactions feeding that outcome.

The correct hierarchy is:

Visibility → transaction → repurchase → larger purchase → power user

Views and customer counts are upstream quantities. Power-user count and power-user LTV are the economic outputs.

Power Users Can Also Be Created

Some power users arrive with enormous demand. Others begin normally and grow into it.

Once someone starts pursuing an outcome, they accumulate money, time, progress, identity and dependency. When they encounter resistance, the next purchase is no longer judged independently. It is evaluated against everything already invested. Stopping makes the earlier investment feel wasted. Continuing preserves the possibility of reaching the final outcome.

That is why similar continuation behaviour appears across different domains. A gamer buys another loot box because the next one might finally produce the desired item. Someone tops up an AI subscription because they are already deep inside a task. An AI lab buys more GPUs because the research team, strategic program and competitive race already exist. A services company pours more hours into a stuck deliverable because the client relationship, deadline and reputation are at stake.

The mechanisms may include sunk cost, loss aversion, escalation of commitment, goal-gradient effects and intermittent rewards. The shared structure is simpler:

Begin pursuit → invest resources → accumulate state → encounter resistance → purchase another unit of continuation

This means the next offer should feel like progress, not an unrelated upsell:

Book → course → workshop → small group → private advice → implementation → long-term partnership

The book provides the answer. The course provides a system. Consulting adapts the system to the customer. Done-for-you work takes responsibility for the result.

A durable business uses this continuation demand to create genuine progress. Every purchase gives the customer something valuable while revealing how deeply they care about the eventual outcome.

The Backend Must Be Able to Absorb Demand

Finding a whale is useless if the business only permits one small purchase.

Once demand concentrates, the company needs two capabilities. The first is elastic supply: larger packs, more seats, higher limits, bulk orders or additional capacity must be immediately available. The second is relationship continuity: somebody or some system must remember the customer and keep discovering what they need next.

A power user should not have to rediscover the company, introduce themselves again or repeatedly explain their preferences. The business should remember what they bought, how quickly they consumed it, what they are attempting, which problems appeared and what transition is likely to come next.

The whale lifecycle becomes:

Detect unusual demand → remember the customer → supply more → anticipate the next need → follow up → repeat

In SaaS, this becomes usage-based billing, automatic upgrades and account management. In services, it becomes retainers, dedicated support and progressively larger engagements. In retail, it becomes private stock, preorders, subscriptions and concierge sourcing. In real estate, the same broker remains attached to the buyer across purchases, financing, upgrades and resale.

Follow-up is not merely advertising. It gives the business memory. Without memory, every interaction resets to zero, and the customer may take their next large purchase to somebody else.

Premium Businesses Win Through Experience and Vibe

When price competition is undesirable, the product must become the customer’s default answer for the category.

A premium curtain company is not merely selling fabric that blocks a window. It is helping the customer avoid searching through endless options, worrying about taste, coordinating measurements, managing installation and repeating the entire decision for every property. It can remember the customer’s fabrics, colours, measurements, rooms and aesthetic preferences. When the customer buys another house, they can simply say, “Do this one too.”

That is preference lock-in created through experience rather than discounts.

Vibe also performs real economic work. For a premium customer, the risk is often aesthetic mismatch, wasted time or choosing something that feels beneath their identity. A strong vibe gives them confidence that the product belongs in their world. It turns a functional object into a trusted extension of their taste.

Price wins an isolated transaction. Experience and vibe can win the category for the customer’s entire life.

What This Means for Tsar Bomba

The ideal Tsar Bomba customer is not simply “someone who likes stationery.” The better question is: Whose life will keep producing blank-page moments for the next twenty years?

A student may use reminders intensely during exams, but the lifecycle can end with the semester or graduation. A creator, designer, writer, founder, consultant or manager continuously produces new ideas, projects, clients and decisions. Their normal way of working keeps regenerating the use case.

That makes the creative professional attractive for three reasons:

High consumption velocity

A long customer lifespan

Increasing ability to spend as their career grows

For Tsar Bomba, the weighted metal holder or slab can become the permanent object on the desk. The paper is the consumable layer. The slab establishes the relationship and becomes part of the user’s visual identity. Premium pads and refills capture recurring demand. Special editions, accessories and larger working surfaces allow the relationship to deepen.

The product should provide enough functional quality to earn repeated use, while the aesthetic makes the user want to keep it visible. Since the object appears in the environment where the customer thinks, the vibe is not decoration added after the utility. The vibe is part of the retention system.

The complete business model is therefore:

Manufacture broad visibility → offer an accessible first transaction → observe consumption → identify power users → remove their purchasing ceiling → retain the relationship across its lifecycle

The mass audience supplies the field. Ordinary customers provide transactions, feedback and social proof. Power users provide the economics.

The central question behind almost any product is not merely “How many people could buy this?” It is:

Who will encounter this need thousands of times, and how do we become their default supplier before those occasions arrive?

Evaluation Framework for Future Products

When analysing a product or business, answer these questions:

What is the recurring situation in which the product becomes useful?

Who encounters that situation most frequently?

Who controls the greatest number of purchase decisions around it?

Is their demand temporary, or will their life keep regenerating it for years?

What behaviour reveals that an ordinary user is becoming a power user?

What is the accessible first transaction that can identify serious demand?

Can the customer buy more immediately through bulk supply, higher limits or additional services?

What adjacent need naturally appears after the first purchase?

How will the business remember preferences, usage and purchase history?

What experience or vibe could make the company the default answer for the category?

What is the maximum plausible AOV, repurchase rate and relationship lifespan of the strongest customer?

How large must the visible market be to reliably produce enough of those customers?

Use power-user count and power-user LTV as the destination metrics. Treat reach, followers, sign-ups and total customers as the upstream system required to produce them.